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Download Detailed Guidance
The Outplanting Agroforestry Seedlings chapter of the Facilitators Manual provides the detailed instructions (and support materials) you need to implement the Outplanting Agroforestry Seedlings activities. Download the chapter here.
Summary
Goal Using the tools provided, farmers will outplant seedlings in their Forest Garden using proper spacing and best practices. Learning Objectives- Learn when to outplant different trees and how to harden off seedlings for outplanting.
- Learn how to prepare planting hole for outplanting.
- Learn the appropriate species, spacing, and planting locations for green walls, alley cropping, and contour planting.
- Learn how to extract, transport, and plant seedlings.
- Learn how to care for transplanted seedlings: replacing dead seedlings, weeding, watering, mulching, fertilizer, firebreaks, pest identification and mitigation (including livestock), and irrigation methods
- Chapter 7: Outplanting Seedlings
- Chapter 8: Agroforestry Technologies
- Chapter 9: Popular Agroforestry Tree Species
- Chapter 10: Tree Care (Dry Season Seedling Care section)
- Chapter 13: Permagardening (Convenient Spacing Tools section)
- Consult with the host farmer to make sure his/her Forest Garden site fits the venue criteria.
- Inspect the host farmer’s nursery to ensure seedlings are ready for outplanting, at least 5 seedlings per participant, including both potted and bareroot seedlings.
- Ensure that the host farmer’s family and their neighbors have agreed on the boundaries of the field where green walls will be planted, if needed.
- Invite host farmer’s family to the workshop.
- Measuring tape
- Sharp, clean knives or razor blades for pruning roots and removing sacks
- 2 wheelbarrows for transporting seedlings
- 5 spade shovels or appropriate digging tools
- 3 watering cans with water
- 4 liters of wood ash and 4 liters of charcoal ash
- String to help keep lines straight
- Sticks for marking planting rows and spacing during activity opener
- Materials for A-frames: Supply enough materials for a demonstration A-frame and for small groups of 4 or 5 to each construct an A-frame. 3 pieces of wood/metal/poles about 1 to 1.5 meters long, string, rock, nails and hammer (optional)
- 25 small sticks, about 15-20 cm long, to mark contour line
- It is expected that in this early stage the farmers will be planting fast-growing trees in line plantings; if farmers are also planting fruit trees then the facilitator should acquire the additional necessary materials, such as manure for planting hole preparation.
- Seedling care checklist
- Diagrams of agroforestry techniques and spacing
- Diagram of making/using an a-frame
Agenda
Opener: Walk off (30 mins)- Introduce workshop topic: Planting agroforestry seedlings
- Green wall protection
- Demonstrate spacing for 10 centimeters and 20 centimeters
- Farmers compete to see who can space the best
- Review host farmer Forest Garden design
- Demonstrate how to make an A-frame
- Demonstrate how to find the contour line
- Practice building an A-frame and finding contour lines
- Mark where to dig in the field
- Demonstrate digging holes and outplanting
- Farmers practice digging holes
- Teach a small group of 5 farmers how to extract and transport seedlings to outplant holes
- The first group of 5 farmers teaches 5 new farmers how to extract and transport seedlings
- Continue small group Learn and Teach until all farmers have learned extraction and transport of seedlings
- Discuss seedling care with large group
- Debrief the workshop activities
- Farmers outplant seedlings from nursery to field
- Follow-up
What you need to know
Whether you intend to sit the FG Pro certification exam, or lead Seedling Propagation module extension activities, you must be able to answer the following questions to succeed.Outplanting seedlings
Timing of Tree Planting
Prepare Your Planting Holes
Extracting and Transporting your Seedlings
Outplanting your Seedlings
- Why is it important to massage the rootball after removing the seedling from the sack?
- What are J-roots and how do you prevent them?
- How and why should you prune the bareroot seedling after planting it?
- Where should the root collar of the seedling be placed when planting the seedling?
- How should soil be packed into the hole around the seedling? How tightly?
- How much water do you need for each outplanted seedling or sucker? How often?
Agroforestry Technologies
Windbreaks
- What are windbreaks, and what are the benefits? How do they protect the field?
- What are desirable characteristics of species used for windbreaks?
- How permeable should the vegetation in a windbreak be? Why is this important Why is it important to minimize gaps in a windbreak?
- What distance can a windbreak provide protection for?
- What are key design recommendations for a windbreak? How should trees and rows for Windbreaks be spaced?
- Why is it important to protect the windbreak once it is planted?
Living Fences and Green Walls
- What is a green wall, and what are the benefits? How do they protect the field?
- What are desirable characteristics of trees used in living fences?
- How many rows should you plant for a green wall? What is the recommended composition of each row?
- If you plant near a dead fence, how much space do you leave between the dead fence and the green wall?
Alley Cropping
Contour Planting
- What are contour lines?
- What are terraces?
- What is the risk of contour lines that are not accurate?
- When alleys between contour lines are ploughed, what direction should the ploughing be done in?
- What should be cultivated on slopes greater than 60%?
- How do you build an A-frame? How do you calibrate an A-frame?
- How do you find a contour with an A-frame?
- What should be the distance between contour rows?
- What are desirable characteristics of trees used for contour planting?
- What are some plants that can be used as living contour barriers?
Dispersed Planting
Firebreaks, Fuelbreaks, and Greenbreaks
Popular Agroforestry Trees
Read the Popular Agroforestry Trees article to familiarize yourself with some of the more common and useful multipurpose, fast-growing (MPFG) trees.Caring for outplanted tree seedlings
Related Questions
- What are the biggest risks to the newly planted seedlings?
- What is a cuvette and how can you make one to help the trees?
- How much water do trees need in the first year of being outplanted? What can you do to make sure they are getting the right amount of water? Are livestock a threat to the seedlings? Why? How do you prevent it?
Permagardening
Convenient Spacing Tools